Cipro (ciprofloxacin) is an intravenous antibiotic solution used to treat various bacterial infections. The 100ml infusion formulation provides a concentrated dose of ciprofloxacin, which is effective against a range of gram-negative and some gram-positive bacteria.
Key Uses
Ciprofloxacin intravenous infusion is indicated for:
- Respiratory Tract Infections: Including pneumonia and bronchitis.
- Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Effective against infections caused by susceptible organisms.
- Intra-abdominal Infections: Used in conjunction with other antibiotics for polymicrobial infections.
- Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Treats serious infections in these areas.
- Bone and Joint Infections: Effective for osteomyelitis.
- Severe Infections in Immunocompromised Patients: Such as those with neutropenia.
- Inhalational Anthrax (Post-exposure): Used as part of the treatment regimen after suspected exposure.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, and repair. This action leads to the death of the bacteria, effectively treating the infection.
Dosage and Administration
- Typical Dosage: The dosage may vary based on the type and severity of the infection. Common regimens include:
- 200 mg to 400 mg every 12 hours, administered over a period of 60 minutes.
- Administration Method: The infusion should be given slowly through a large vein to minimize discomfort and reduce the risk of venous irritation. It is important to avoid mixing ciprofloxacin with other intravenous solutions that may be incompatible.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Injection site reactions (pain, swelling)
Serious side effects can include:
- Tendon rupture or tendonitis
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Liver toxicity
- Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
Warnings and Precautions
- Contraindications: Not suitable for individuals with known hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Caution in Specific Populations: Use cautiously in patients with a history of tendon disorders, liver disease, or those who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Drug Interactions: Ciprofloxacin can interact with certain medications, including antacids and supplements containing magnesium or aluminum, which can reduce its effectiveness.
Storage
Ciprofloxacin infusion should be stored at room temperature (below 25°C), protected from light. It should not be frozen. Keep out of reach of children.
