Fansidar is an antimalarial medication that combines two active ingredients: sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine. It is primarily used for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, especially in cases where chloroquine resistance is suspected.
Key Features
- Active Ingredients:
- Sulfadoxine: A sulfonamide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth and acts against the malaria parasite.
- Pyrimethamine: An antiprotozoal agent that inhibits the growth of the malaria parasite.
- Formulation: Each pack contains 3 tablets, with each tablet typically containing 500 mg of sulfadoxine and 25 mg of pyrimethamine.
Indications
Fansidar is indicated for:
- Treatment of Acute Malaria: Effective against uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, particularly in areas with known chloroquine resistance.
- Short-term Prophylaxis: May be considered for travelers to areas where chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum malaria is prevalent, although it is not routinely recommended for prophylaxis.
Dosage and Administration
- Recommended Dosage for Adults:
- For the treatment of acute malaria: 2 to 3 tablets taken as a single dose.
- Dosage for Children (based on body weight):
- Greater than 45 kg: 3 tablets
- 31 to 45 kg: 2 tablets
- 21 to 30 kg: 1.5 tablets
- 11 to 20 kg: 1 tablet
- 5 to 10 kg: 0.5 tablet
- Administration Instructions:
- Swallow the tablets whole with plenty of fluids after a meal to enhance absorption.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Rash or itching
- Headache and dizziness
Serious side effects can include:
- Severe allergic reactions
- Blood disorders such as thrombocytopenia or leukopenia
- Skin reactions requiring immediate medical attention
If any severe reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and seek medical attention.
Precautions
- Contraindications: Not recommended for individuals with a known hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or pyrimethamine.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Use during pregnancy should be carefully considered, especially during the first trimester. Pregnant women should also take folic acid supplements if using Fansidar.
- Monitoring Required: Regular blood tests may be necessary to monitor for potential hematological changes during treatment.
