Phenobarbital 30mg Tablets are a barbiturate medication primarily used for the treatment of seizures and as a sedative. Each pack typically contains 10 tablets, making it suitable for short-term or ongoing treatment regimens.
Key Features
- Active Ingredient: Each tablet contains 30 mg of Phenobarbital, which is effective in controlling various types of seizures.
- Drug Class: Barbiturate anticonvulsants, which work by depressing the central nervous system to reduce abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Indications
Phenobarbital is indicated for:
- Seizure Management: Effective in controlling tonic-clonic seizures, partial seizures, and status epilepticus.
- Sedation: Used short-term to help induce sleep or calm anxiety.
Mechanism of Action
Phenobarbital enhances the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at GABA-A receptors, leading to increased synaptic inhibition. This results in elevated seizure thresholds and reduced spread of seizure activity. Its sedative effects are attributed to its action on the midbrain reticular formation, which regulates wakefulness.
Dosage and Administration
- Recommended Dosage: The dosage varies based on the condition being treated and patient response. A common starting dose for adults may be:
- 30 mg to 120 mg per day, divided into multiple doses.
- Administration Instructions: Swallow the tablet whole with water. It can be taken with or without food.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
- Drowsiness or sedation
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue or lack of energy
- Nausea or vomiting
Serious side effects can include:
- Allergic reactions (e.g., rash, swelling)
- Respiratory depression (especially in overdose situations)
- Severe skin reactions (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
- Changes in mood or behavior, including depression or suicidal thoughts
Precautions
- Contraindications: Not recommended for individuals with severe liver disease, respiratory issues, or a history of substance abuse. Caution is advised for those with a history of porphyria.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult a healthcare provider before use during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to potential risks.
- Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, as phenobarbital can interact with other drugs, potentially altering their effects.
